%!
%%Pages: (atend)
%%DocumentFonts: (atend)
%%EndComments
%
% Frame Maker PostScript Prolog 1.11, for use with Maker 1.11
% Copyright (c) 1986,87 by Frame Technology, Inc.  All rights reserved.
%
% Known Problems:
%	Due to bugs in Transcript, the 'PS-Adobe-' is omitted from line 1
/FMversion (1.11) def 
/FrameDict 120 dict def 
% The readline in 23.0 doesn't recognize cr's as nl's on AppleTalk
FrameDict /tmprangecheck errordict /rangecheck get put 
errordict /rangecheck {FrameDict /bug true put} put 
FrameDict /bug false put 
mark 
% Some PS machines read past the CR, so keep the following 3 lines together!
currentfile 5 string readline
00
0000000000
cleartomark 
errordict /rangecheck FrameDict /tmprangecheck get put 
FrameDict /bug get { 
	/readline {
		/gstring exch def
		/gfile exch def
		/gindex 0 def
		{
			gfile read pop 
			dup 10 eq {exit} if 
			dup 13 eq {exit} if 
			gstring exch gindex exch put 
			/gindex gindex 1 add def 
		} loop
		pop 
		gstring 0 gindex getinterval true 
		} def
	} if
/FMVERSION {
	FMversion ne {
		/Times-Roman findfont 18 scalefont setfont
		100 100 moveto
		(Maker version does not match postscript_prolog!)
		dup =
		show showpage
		} if
	} def 
/FMLOCAL {
	FrameDict begin
	0 def 
	end 
	} def 
	/landscape FMLOCAL
	/docheight FMLOCAL
	/docwidth FMLOCAL
	/yscale FMLOCAL
	/xscale FMLOCAL
	/orgxfer FMLOCAL
	/orgproc FMLOCAL
	/organgle FMLOCAL
	/orgfreq FMLOCAL
/FMDOCUMENT {
	/#copies exch def
	FrameDict begin
	0 ne /landscape exch def 
	/docheight exch def
	/docwidth exch def
	/yscale exch def
	/xscale exch def
	currenttransfer cvlit /orgxfer exch def
	currentscreen cvlit /orgproc exch def
		/organgle exch def /orgfreq exch def
	end 
	} def 
	/pagesave FMLOCAL
	/orgmatrix FMLOCAL
/FMBEGINPAGE {
	FrameDict begin 
	/pagesave save def
	
	2 setlinecap
	xscale yscale scale
	landscape {
		90 rotate
		0 docheight neg translate
		} if
	/orgmatrix matrix def
	gsave 
	} def 
/FMENDPAGE {
	grestore 
	pagesave restore
	end 
	showpage
	} def 
	/fontname FMLOCAL
	/fontscale FMLOCAL
	/fontnum FMLOCAL
	/fontdict FMLOCAL
/FMDEFINEFONT {
	FrameDict begin
	/fontname exch def
	/fontscale exch def
	/fontnum exch def
	/fontdict fontname findfont fontscale scalefont def
	fontdict /Encoding get StandardEncoding eq
	{
		fontdict DiacriticEncode 
		/fontdict exch def
	} {
		fontdict NonDiacriticEncode
		/fontdict exch def
	} ifelse
	FMfonts fontnum
		fontnum fontdict definefont
	put
	end 
	} def 
/FMLINEWIDTHS { 
	FrameDict begin
	dup array /FMlinewidths exch def 
	1 sub -1 0 {exch FMlinewidths 3 1 roll lnormalize put} for
	end 
	} def 
 
FrameDict begin 
/savematrix {
	orgmatrix currentmatrix pop
	} bind def
/restorematrix {
	orgmatrix setmatrix
	} bind def
/dmatrix matrix def
/dpi	72 0 dmatrix defaultmatrix dtransform
	dup mul exch   dup mul add   sqrt
def
/max	{2 copy lt {exch} if pop} bind def
/min	{2 copy gt {exch} if pop} bind def
/DiacriticEncoding [
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /space /exclam /quotedbl
/numbersign /dollar /percent /ampersand /quotesingle /parenleft
/parenright /asterisk /plus /comma /hyphen /period /slash /zero /one
/two /three /four /five /six /seven /eight /nine /colon /semicolon
/less /equal /greater /question /at /A /B /C /D /E /F /G /H /I /J /K
/L /M /N /O /P /Q /R /S /T /U /V /W /X /Y /Z /bracketleft /backslash
/bracketright /asciicircum /underscore /grave /a /b /c /d /e /f /g /h
/i /j /k /l /m /n /o /p /q /r /s /t /u /v /w /x /y /z /braceleft /bar
/braceright /asciitilde /.notdef /Adieresis /Aring /Ccedilla /Eacute
/Ntilde /Odieresis /Udieresis /aacute /agrave /acircumflex /adieresis
/atilde /aring /ccedilla /eacute /egrave /ecircumflex /edieresis
/iacute /igrave /icircumflex /idieresis /ntilde /oacute /ograve
/ocircumflex /odieresis /otilde /uacute /ugrave /ucircumflex
/udieresis /dagger /.notdef /cent /sterling /section /bullet
/paragraph /germandbls /registered /copyright /trademark /acute
/dieresis /.notdef /AE /Oslash /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/yen /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/ordfeminine /ordmasculine /.notdef /ae /oslash /questiondown
/exclamdown /logicalnot /.notdef /florin /.notdef /.notdef
/guillemotleft /guillemotright /ellipsis /.notdef /Agrave /Atilde
/Otilde /OE /oe /endash /emdash /quotedblleft /quotedblright
/quoteleft /quoteright /.notdef /.notdef /ydieresis /Ydieresis
/fraction /currency /guilsinglleft /guilsinglright /fi /fl /daggerdbl
/periodcentered /quotesinglbase /quotedblbase /perthousand
/Acircumflex /Ecircumflex /Aacute /Edieresis /Egrave /Iacute
/Icircumflex /Idieresis /Igrave /Oacute /Ocircumflex /.notdef /Ograve
/Uacute /Ucircumflex /Ugrave /dotlessi /circumflex /tilde /macron
/breve /dotaccent /ring /cedilla /hungarumlaut /ogonek /caron
] def
/FMfonts 255 array def
	/basefontdict FMLOCAL
	/newfontdict FMLOCAL
/DiacriticEncode {
	/basefontdict exch def
	/newfontdict basefontdict maxlength dict def
	basefontdict
	{exch dup /FID ne
		{dup /Encoding eq
			{exch pop DiacriticEncoding}
			{exch}
			ifelse
			newfontdict 3 1 roll put
			}
		{pop pop}
		ifelse
		} forall
	newfontdict
	} bind def
/NonDiacriticEncode {
	/basefontdict exch def
	/newfontdict basefontdict maxlength dict def
	basefontdict
	{exch dup /FID ne
		{exch newfontdict 3 1 roll put}
		{pop pop}
		ifelse
		} forall
	newfontdict
	} bind def
	/freq FMLOCAL
	/bwidth FMLOCAL
	/bpside FMLOCAL
	/bstring FMLOCAL
	/onbits FMLOCAL
	/offbits FMLOCAL
	/xindex FMLOCAL
	/yindex FMLOCAL
	/x FMLOCAL
	/y FMLOCAL
/setpattern {
	 /freq    exch def
	 /bwidth  exch def
	 /bpside  exch def
	 /bstring exch def
	 /onbits 0 def  /offbits 0 def
	 freq 0 {/y exch def
		 /x exch def
		 /xindex x 1 add 2 div bpside mul cvi def
		 /yindex y 1 add 2 div bpside mul cvi def
		 bstring yindex bwidth mul xindex 8 idiv add get
		 1 7 xindex 8 mod sub bitshift and 0 ne
		 {/onbits  onbits  1 add def 1}
		 {/offbits offbits 1 add def 0}
		 ifelse
		}
		setscreen
	 {} settransfer
	 offbits offbits onbits add div setgray
	} bind def
/grayness {
	setgray
	orgxfer cvx settransfer
	orgfreq organgle orgproc cvx setscreen
	} bind def
/normalize {
	transform cvi exch cvi exch itransform
	} bind def
/dnormalize {
	dtransform cvi exch cvi exch idtransform
	} bind def
/lnormalize { 
	0 dtransform exch cvi 2 idiv 2 mul 1 add exch idtransform pop
	} bind def
/fillprocs
	[{0.00 grayness}
	 {0.10 grayness}
	 {0.30 grayness}
	 {0.50 grayness} 
	 {0.70 grayness}
	 {0.90 grayness}
	 {0.97 grayness} 
	 {1.00 grayness} 
	 {<0F1E3C78F0E1C387> 8 1 dpi 16 div setpattern} 
	 {<0F87C3E1F0783C1E> 8 1 dpi 16 div setpattern} 
	 {<CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC> 8 1 dpi 16 div setpattern} 
	 {<FFFF0000FFFF0000> 8 1 dpi 16 div setpattern} 
	 {<8142241818244281> 8 1 dpi 16 div setpattern} 
	 {<03060C183060C081> 8 1 dpi 16 div setpattern} 
	 {<8040201008040201> 8 1 dpi 16 div setpattern} 
	 {}
	 {1.00 grayness}
	 {0.90 grayness}
	 {0.70 grayness}
	 {0.50 grayness} 
	 {0.30 grayness}
	 {0.10 grayness}
	 {0.03 grayness} 
	 {0.00 grayness} 
	 {<F0E1C3870F1E3C78> 8 1 dpi 16 div setpattern} 
	 {<F0783C1E0F87C3E1> 8 1 dpi 16 div setpattern} 
	 {<3333333333333333> 8 1 dpi 16 div setpattern} 
	 {<0000FFFF0000FFFF> 8 1 dpi 16 div setpattern} 
	 {<7EBDDBE7E7DBBD7E> 8 1 dpi 16 div setpattern} 
	 {<FCF9F3E7CF9F3F7E> 8 1 dpi 16 div setpattern} 
	 {<7FBFDFEFF7FBFDFE> 8 1 dpi 16 div setpattern} 
	 {}
	] def
/H { 
	FMlinewidths exch get setlinewidth
	} bind def
/X { 
	fillprocs exch get exec
	} bind def
/V { 
	gsave eofill grestore
	} bind def
/N { 
	gsave stroke grestore 
	} bind def
/M {moveto} bind def
/E {lineto} bind def
/D {curveto} bind def
/O {closepath} bind def
	/n FMLOCAL
/L { 
 	/n exch def
	newpath
	normalize
	moveto 
	2 1 n {pop normalize lineto} for
	} bind def
/Y { 
	L 
	closepath
	} bind def
/K { 
 	/n exch def
	newpath
	moveto 
	3 1 n {pop curveto} for
	} bind def
/J { 
 	/n exch def
	newpath
	moveto 
	1 1 n {pop curveto} for
	} bind def
	/x1 FMLOCAL
	/x2 FMLOCAL
	/y1 FMLOCAL
	/y2 FMLOCAL
/R { 
	/y2 exch def
	/x2 exch def
	/y1 exch def
	/x1 exch def
	x1 y1
	x2 y1
	x2 y2
	x1 y2
	4 Y 
	} bind def
/C { 
	grestore
	gsave
	R 
	clip
	} bind def
/U { 
	grestore
	gsave
	} bind def
/F { 
	FMfonts exch get
	setfont
	} bind def
/T { 
	moveto show
	} bind def
/P { 
	moveto
	0 32 3 2 roll widthshow
	} bind def
/S { 
	moveto
	0 exch ashow
	} bind def
/B { 
	moveto
	0 32 4 2 roll 0 exch awidthshow
	} bind def
/Q { 
	moveto
	gsave show grestore
	} bind def
	/x FMLOCAL
	/y FMLOCAL
	/dx FMLOCAL
	/dy FMLOCAL
	/dl FMLOCAL
	/t FMLOCAL
	/t2 FMLOCAL
	/Cos FMLOCAL
	/Sin FMLOCAL
	/r FMLOCAL
/W { 
	dnormalize
	/dy exch def
	/dx exch def
	normalize
	/y  exch def
	/x  exch def
	/dl dx dx mul dy dy mul add sqrt def
	dl 0.0 gt {
		/t currentlinewidth def
		savematrix
		/Cos dx dl div def
		/Sin dy dl div def
		/r [Cos Sin Sin neg Cos 0.0 0.0] def
		/t2 t 2.5 mul 3.5 max def
		newpath
		x y translate
		r concat
		0.0 0.0 moveto
		dl t 2.7 mul sub 0.0 rlineto
		stroke
		restorematrix
		x dx add y dy add translate
		r concat
		t 0.67 mul setlinewidth
		t 1.61 mul neg  0.0 translate
		0.0 0.0 moveto
		t2 1.7 mul neg  t2 2.0 div     moveto
		0.0 0.0 lineto
		t2 1.7 mul neg  t2 2.0 div neg lineto
		stroke
		t setlinewidth
		restorematrix
		} if
	} bind def
/G { 
	gsave
	newpath
	normalize translate 0.0 0.0 moveto 
	dnormalize scale 
	0.0 0.0 1.0 5 3 roll arc 
	closepath eofill
	grestore
	} bind def
	/x FMLOCAL
	/y FMLOCAL
	/w FMLOCAL
	/h FMLOCAL
	/xx FMLOCAL
	/yy FMLOCAL
	/ww FMLOCAL
	/hh FMLOCAL
/A { 
	/y exch def
	/x exch def
	/h exch def
	/w exch def
	x y normalize /yy exch def /xx exch def
	w h dnormalize /hh exch def /ww exch def
	ww abs hh abs xx ww add yy hh sub
	gsave
	savematrix
	newpath
	translate
	scale
	0.0 0.0 1.0 5 3 roll arc
	0 setlinecap
	restorematrix
	stroke
	grestore
	} bind def
	/FMsaveobject FMLOCAL
	/FMoptop FMLOCAL
	/FMdicttop FMLOCAL
/BEGINPRINTCODE {
	/FMdicttop countdictstack 1 add def 
	/FMoptop count 6 sub def 
	/FMsaveobject save def
	userdict begin 
	/showpage {} def 
	newpath
	translate
	0.0 0.0 moveto
	} bind def
/ENDPRINTCODE {
	count -1 FMoptop {pop pop} for 
	countdictstack -1 FMdicttop {pop end} for 
	FMsaveobject restore 
	} bind def
/gn { 
	0 
	{	46 mul 
		cf read pop 
		32 sub 
		dup 46 lt {exit} if 
		46 sub add 
		} loop
	add 
	} bind def
	/str FMLOCAL
/cfs { 
	/str sl string def 
	0 1 sl 1 sub {str exch val put} for 
	str def 
	} bind def
/ic [ 
	0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0223
	0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0223
	0
	{0 hx} {1 hx} {2 hx} {3 hx} {4 hx} {5 hx} {6 hx} {7 hx} {8 hx} {9 hx}
	{10 hx} {11 hx} {12 hx} {13 hx} {14 hx} {15 hx} {16 hx} {17 hx} {18 hx}
	{19 hx} {gn hx} {0} {1} {2} {3} {4} {5} {6} {7} {8} {9} {10} {11} {12}
	{13} {14} {15} {16} {17} {18} {19} {gn} {0 wh} {1 wh} {2 wh} {3 wh}
	{4 wh} {5 wh} {6 wh} {7 wh} {8 wh} {9 wh} {10 wh} {11 wh} {12 wh}
	{13 wh} {14 wh} {gn wh} {0 bl} {1 bl} {2 bl} {3 bl} {4 bl} {5 bl} {6 bl}
	{7 bl} {8 bl} {9 bl} {10 bl} {11 bl} {12 bl} {13 bl} {14 bl} {gn bl}
	{0 fl} {1 fl} {2 fl} {3 fl} {4 fl} {5 fl} {6 fl} {7 fl} {8 fl} {9 fl}
	{10 fl} {11 fl} {12 fl} {13 fl} {14 fl} {gn fl}
	] def
	/sl FMLOCAL
	/val FMLOCAL
	/ws FMLOCAL
	/im FMLOCAL
	/bs FMLOCAL
	/cs FMLOCAL
	/len FMLOCAL
	/pos FMLOCAL
/ms { 
	/sl exch def 
	/val 255 def 
	/ws cfs 
	/im cfs 
	/val 0 def 
	/bs cfs 
	/cs cfs 
	} bind def
400 ms 
/ip { 
	is 
	0 
	cf cs readline pop 
	{	ic exch get exec 
		add 
		} forall 
	pop 
	
	} bind def
/wh { 
	/len exch def 
	/pos exch def 
	ws 0 len getinterval im pos len getinterval copy pop
	pos len 
	} bind def
/bl { 
	/len exch def 
	/pos exch def 
	bs 0 len getinterval im pos len getinterval copy pop
	pos len 
	} bind def
/s1 1 string def
/fl { 
	/len exch def 
	/pos exch def 
	/val cf s1 readhexstring pop 0 get def
	pos 1 pos len add 1 sub {im exch val put} for
	pos len 
	} bind def
/hx { 
	3 copy getinterval 
	cf exch readhexstring pop pop 
	} bind def
	/h FMLOCAL
	/w FMLOCAL
	/lb FMLOCAL
	/bitmapsave FMLOCAL
	/is FMLOCAL
	/cf FMLOCAL
/BEGINBITMAP { 
	gsave
	translate scale /h exch def /w exch def
	/lb w 7 add 8 idiv def 
	sl lb lt {lb ms} if 
	/bitmapsave save def 
	/is im 0 lb getinterval def 
	ws 0 lb getinterval is copy pop 
	/cf currentfile def 
	w h 1 [w 0 0 h neg 0 h] 
	{ip} image 
	bitmapsave restore 
	grestore
	} bind def
/ENDBITMAP {
	} bind def
end 
%%EndProlog
%%BeginSetup
(1.11) FMVERSION
1. 1. 612. 792. 0 1 FMDOCUMENT
0 12. /Times-Roman  FMDEFINEFONT
1 18. /Times-Bold  FMDEFINEFONT
2 14. /Times-Bold  FMDEFINEFONT
3 14. /Times-Roman  FMDEFINEFONT
4 12. /Times-Italic  FMDEFINEFONT
5 12. /Times-Bold  FMDEFINEFONT
0.5 1. 3. 4. 4 FMLINEWIDTHS
%%EndSetup
%%Page: "1" 1
FMBEGINPAGE
0 F
0 X
(Sun Microsystems Porting Guide) 380.33 36. T
(9-1) 72. 36. T
1 F
(Chapter 9) 72. 706. T
(Market Porting Scenarios) 216. 706. T
0 F
(This chapter is divided into market segments and serves as a ) 217. 686. T
(guide for vendors .  The sections address some commonalities ) 217. 673. T
(in the market segment, and gives comments Sun has obtained ) 217. 660. T
(from vendors who have recently ported to the Sun workstation.) 217. 647. T
2 F
(9.1) 72. 622. T
(Electronic Design and Automation \050EDA\051) 216. 622. T
0 F
(The EDA segment covers a very wide range of applications and ) 217. 603. T
(system requirements.  Key issues are graphics performance, a ) 217. 590. T
(high level of interactive operations \050transactions\051, very large ) 217. 577. T
(databases, networking, and floating-point performance.) 217. 564. T
(Most EDA graphics operations involve 2-D integer databases ) 217. 547. T
(with high levels of precision.  Applications often use full 32-bit ) 217. 534. T
(integer representation, but use it to represent fractional values.  ) 217. 521. T
(When this data is rendered to the screen, applications are pre-) 217. 508. T
(pared to do most of the transformations, including clipping, scal-) 217. 495. T
(ing, and rotation. This means that most applications cannot ) 217. 482. T
(readily take advantage of some of the more advanced graphics ) 217. 469. T
(features because the graphics software is simply tied very ) 217. 456. T
(closely to the structure of the internal database, which is usual-) 217. 443. T
(ly proprietary. Many vendors feel they get better performance ) 217. 430. T
(overall \050throughput\051 this way because they can fully optimize ) 217. 417. T
(the database and graphics operations simultaneously.  As a ) 217. 404. T
(result, most graphics-intensive EDA applications use the low-) 217. 391. T
(est level of graphics interface offered. ) 217. 378. T
(Another characteristic of EDA applications is that the data is ) 217. 361. T
(very ) 217. 347. T
3 F
(\322) 241.32 347. T
0 F
(regular.) 247.54 347. T
3 F
(\323) 284.52 347. T
0 F
(An integrated circuit or printed circuit board is ) 290.74 347. T
(represented using thousands of orthogonal polygons and rectan-) 217. 333. T
(gles.) 217. 320. T
(Performance is critical in the use of dragging and rubberbanding, ) 217. 303. T
(which is quite prevalent in EDA.  Vendors often use the Sun-) 217. 290. T
(View ) 217. 276. T
3 F
(\322) 245.99 276. T
0 F
(notifier) 252.21 276. T
3 F
(\323) 287.54 276. T
0 F
( to correctly route the various input events.) 293.75 276. T
(EDA requires a high degree of user interactivity, and users are ) 217. 258. T
(typically operating on databases of 100,000 - 1,000,000 enti-) 217. 245. T
(ties.  In the design process, they separate out very small sub-) 217. 232. T
(sets of this data to manipulate.  Several applications have spe-) 217. 219. T
(cial ) 217. 205. T
3 F
(\322) 237.33 205. T
0 F
(filters) 243.54 205. T
3 F
(\323) 271.54 205. T
0 F
( operating on their databases.  The use of commer-) 277.76 205. T
(cially available databases is not yet significant due to the ) 217. 191. T
(difficulty in making the transition from their custom, proprietary ) 217. 178. T
(data bases and their size requirements.  Increased CPU power ) 217. 165. T
(has a very strong effect on interactive graphics performance ) 217. 152. T
(because the navigation through databases uses many more ) 217. 139. T
(CPU cycles than the actual rendering of the data.) 217. 126. T
(Circuit analysis applications tend to be floating-point intensive, ) 217. 109. T
(and are usually written in FORTRAN.  These applications are ) 217. 96. T
(highly complex; a ) 217. 82. T
3 F
(\322) 306.66 82. T
0 F
(run) 312.88 82. T
3 F
(\323) 328.88 82. T
0 F
( may take hundreds of CPU hours, so ) 335.09 82. T
(compiler optimization is an issue.) 217. 68. T
2 F
0.5 ( ) 276. 103. P
74. 516. 182. 588. R
7 X
V
4 F
0 X
(Key issues: graphics ) 74. 579. T
(performance, many ) 74. 565. T
(transactions, large ) 74. 551. T
(databases, network-) 74. 537. T
(ing,  floating point) 74. 523. T
FMENDPAGE
%%Page: "2" 2
FMBEGINPAGE
0 F
0 X
(Sun Microsystems Porting Guide) 72. 36. T
(9-2) 524. 36. T
(Finally, EDA environments are highly heterogeneous, with ) 217. 711. T
(large mixes of workstations, PCs, VAXes, and mainframes.  ) 217. 698. T
(Therefore, the use of networking products such as the Network ) 217. 685. T
(File System, SunLink DNI, and the SunLink 3270 products is ) 217. 672. T
(quite prevalent.  Tight integration is not usually necessary.) 217. 659. T
2 F
(9.2) 72. 634. T
(Mechanical CAD \050MCAD\051 ) 216. 634. T
0 F
(Long software quality assurance and testing processes are typi-) 217. 615. T
(cal for the MCAD vendors because they comply with govern-) 217. 602. T
(ment specifications for certain analytical procedures.  Even a ) 217. 589. T
3 F
(\322) 217. 575. T
0 F
(simple recompile) 223.22 575. T
3 F
(\323) 306.21 575. T
0 F
( requires a minimum of three to six months ) 312.42 575. T
(of testing.  For this reason, any information provided to the ) 217. 561. T
(MCAD vendors  that allows for fewer ports over time is impor-) 217. 548. T
(tant.) 217. 535. T
(While MCAD applications tend to use a variety of features of ) 217. 518. T
(the workstation, there is a set of functions that  almost all appli-) 217. 505. T
(cations use.  Therefore, various MCAD applications tend to ) 217. 492. T
(have common problems when they are ported.   Some of these ) 217. 479. T
(problems include:) 217. 466. T
(\245 ) 221. 448. T
(Differences in byte ordering and bit ordering between ) 234. 448. T
(various architectures ) 234. 435. T
(\245) 221. 417. T
(Differences in the alignment of bytes words and double ) 234. 417. T
(precision words across architectures) 234. 404. T
(\245) 221. 386. T
(Structure alignments and the internal padding of struc-) 234. 386. T
(tures ) 234. 373. T
(\245) 221. 355. T
(Various subroutine calling conventions that affect the ) 234. 355. T
(way parameters are ) 234. 342. T
(passed on the stack. One should ) 330.29 342. T
(pay particular attention to passing structures ) 234. 329. T
(and mis-) 449.3 329. T
(matched parameter ) 234. 316. T
(types) 328.63 316. T
(\245) 221. 298. T
(Bitwise operations such as arithmetic and logical shifts) 234. 298. T
(\245) 221. 280. T
(Initialization of variables \050depending on the language and ) 234. 280. T
(compiler uninitialized variables ) 234. 267. T
(may be either set to zero ) 388.98 267. T
(or contain arbitrary values\051) 234. 254. T
(\245 ) 221. 236. T
(Problems related to source-code control such as, depen-) 234. 236. T
(dencies, and the residence of ) 234. 223. T
(source, object, and exe-) 375.29 223. T
(cutable files.  In this case, SCCS has to be used to pro-) 234. 210. T
(vide the same) 234. 197. T
( structure as on the previous host.) 299.99 197. T
(In addition to the topics covered in this document, other Sun ) 217. 177. T
(documents may be useful to your MCAD porting effort:) 217. 164. T
(Hardware) 217. 147. T
(\245) 221. 131. T
(Sun-2, Sun-3, Sun-4, Sun386) 234. 131. T
4 F
(i) 374.68 131. T
0 F
( hardware manuals ) 378.01 131. T
3 F
(\321) 471.65 131. T
0 F
( ) 485.65 131. T
(particularly sections explaining alignments,) 234. 117. T
( precision, ) 443.32 117. T
(and subroutine calling conventions) 234. 104. T
(\245) 221. 86. T
(GPIC \050graphics processor interface card\051 manual) 234. 86. T
(Software) 234. 73. T
72. 551. 180. 606. R
7 X
V
4 F
0 X
(Key issues: data ) 72. 597. T
(alignment, graphics ) 72. 583. T
(performance, float-) 72. 569. T
(ing point) 72. 555. T
FMENDPAGE
%%Page: "3" 3
FMBEGINPAGE
0 F
0 X
(Sun Microsystems Porting Guide) 380.33 36. T
(9-3) 72. 36. T
(\245) 221. 711. T
(Debugging Tools \050dbx, dbx-tool, and adb\051) 234. 711. T
(\245) 221. 693. T
(Programming Utilities \050C language tools, Make, ) 234. 693. T
(and SCCS\051) 234. 680. T
(\245) 221. 662. T
4 F
(SunView Programmer\325s Guide ) 234. 662. T
0 F
(  ) 384.98 662. T
(\245) 221. 644. T
(SunView 2 directions statement) 234. 644. T
(\245) 221. 626. T
4 F
(Porting Software to SPARC Systems ) 234. 626. T
2 F
(9.3) 72. 601. T
(Computer Integrated Manufacturing \050CIM\051) 216. 601. T
0 F
(The CIM market covers a wide range of technical requirements, ) 217. 582. T
(including graphics performance, networking, languages, realtime ) 217. 569. T
(UNIX and standards. For additional information, please refer to ) 217. 556. T
(the ECAD and MCAD sections of this chapter. The Catalyst ) 217. 543. T
(Third Party  program offers solutions for realtime UNIX.) 217. 530. T
(The graphics requirements for CIM applications fall into two ) 217. 513. T
(categories. One is fairly simple; for example, 2-D and 3-D ) 217. 500. T
(assembly drawings to be viewed but probably not edited.   ) 217. 487. T
(These drawings are often coming from a remote CAD section ) 217. 474. T
(over a network.  The ability to rapidly display various drawings ) 217. 461. T
(is important.  Depending on the interface from the CAD system, ) 217. 448. T
(the graphics interface may be highly optimized; for example, ) 217. 435. T
(using the lowest level graphics interface.) 217. 422. T
(Other CIM graphics requirements may be animation-like and ) 217. 405. T
(may require the lowest possible interface with highest perfor-) 217. 392. T
(mance to simulate robotic movement.  Networking issues in ) 217. 379. T
(CIM revolve around the use of standards on the factory floor, ) 217. 366. T
(particularly MAP/TOP/OSI.) 217. 353. T
(For additional information, refer to the SunLink section in ) 217. 336. T
(Chapter 2.  ) 217. 323. T
2 F
(9.4) 72. 298. T
(Earth Resources) 216. 298. T
0 F
(Petroleum applications, such as seismic interpretation, process-) 217. 279. T
(ing, or modeling; well log analysis; contouring; reservoir simula-) 217. 266. T
(tion; fluid flow analysis; and expert systems, require responsive ) 217. 253. T
(graphics and an intuitive, powerful user interface.  Users want ) 217. 240. T
(to view the information without waiting.  The less time that pro-) 217. 227. T
(fessionals must wait for an answer or a view, the more they can ) 217. 214. T
(interactively probe the data and receive responses to queries ) 217. 201. T
3 F
(\321) 217. 187. T
0 F
( many times faster than on a mainframe.  Similarly, if the ) 231. 187. T
(application does not present an intuitive, menu-driven,  ) 217. 172. T
3 F
(\322) 484.97 172. T
0 F
(click) 491.19 172. T
3 F
(\323) 514.52 172. T
0 F
( ) 520.73 172. T
(and go interface, the learning curve is prohibitively flat.  We are ) 217. 158. T
(noticing oil customers valuing the simplicity, consistency, and ) 217. 145. T
(efficiency of the user interface.  A standard user interface, such ) 217. 132. T
(as OPEN LOOK, dramatically increases user ability and desire ) 217. 119. T
(to use new applications and provides a consistent style of oper-) 217. 106. T
(ation across all software.) 217. 93. T
72. 195. 180. 271. R
7 X
V
4 F
0 X
(Key issues: graphics ) 72. 262. T
(performance, net-) 72. 248. T
(working,  floating ) 72. 234. T
(point, large databas-) 72. 220. T
(es, languages) 72. 206. T
72. 501. 179. 574. R
7 X
V
0 X
(Key issues: graphics ) 72. 565. T
(performance, net-) 72. 551. T
(working, languages, ) 72. 537. T
(realtime UNIX, ) 72. 523. T
(standards) 72. 509. T
FMENDPAGE
%%Page: "4" 4
FMBEGINPAGE
0 F
0 X
(Sun Microsystems Porting Guide) 72. 36. T
(9-4) 524. 36. T
(Subsecond to 4-second seismic image displays, fluid rotation of ) 217. 711. T
(3-D subsurface models, rapid signal analysis on seismic pan-) 217. 698. T
(els, and other high-performance graphics are effectively driven ) 217. 685. T
(by a balanced system of graphics accelerators, raw compute ) 217. 672. T
(performance, and system I/O.   Many earth resources software ) 217. 659. T
(vendors will support the OPEN LOOK user interface.  It pro-) 217. 646. T
(vides the simplicity and consistent style for all corporate appli-) 217. 633. T
(cations.  For more information on NeWS, X.11, or SunView ) 217. 620. T
(toolkits for this environment, please refer to Chapter 5. ) 217. 607. T
(Sun polled several vendors in the earth resources market seg-) 217. 590. T
(ment and received the following feedback:) 217. 577. T
(Vendor A had a FORTRAN application for image processing ) 217. 560. T
(that he ported to the Sun.  To do this, he used raster operation ) 217. 547. T
(calls to load pictures into a SunView canvas.   \050SunView is the ) 217. 534. T
(optimal choice for raster graphics.\051) 217. 521. T
(Vendor B had a 2-D graphics package that required a dual-) 217. 504. T
(headed monitor.  With the help of Sun\325s technical support, they ) 217. 491. T
(ordered an OEM special product from Sun that allows two CG2 ) 217. 478. T
(or CG3 color boards in a 12-slot VME system.  CG5 color ) 217. 465. T
(boards do not need any special configuration, because the user ) 217. 452. T
(can configure the boards for dual-headed monitor use.  This ) 217. 439. T
(application used GKS heavily, and the vendor is being encour-) 217. 426. T
(aged to complete the porting of what\325s left of the CGI code to ) 217. 413. T
(GKS.  The application is primarily written in FORTRAN with ) 217. 400. T
(some C.) 217. 387. T
2 F
(9.5) 72. 362. T
(Graphics Information Systems \050GIS\051 and Mapping) 216. 362. T
0 F
(The mapping, GIS, and remote sensing markets are ) 217. 343. T
(price/performance sensitive, while also being solutions-driven.  ) 217. 330. T
(The functional purpose of mapping application is to represent ) 217. 317. T
(spatial data by manipulating them into easily understood graph-) 217. 304. T
(ic formats for topographic maps, profile and cross sections, natu-) 217. 291. T
(ral-resource and land-use maps, and hybrid \050derived\051 maps ) 217. 278. T
(consisting of several different map overlays. DEC systems and ) 217. 265. T
(IBM/PCs are popular in this market, but it is a compute-inten-) 217. 252. T
(sive market well suited to workstations.  Cost conscious users ) 217. 239. T
(are beginning to demand that software vendors offer their prod-) 217. 226. T
(ucts on workstations.  This market is typified by four factors ) 217. 213. T
(that strongly influence porting issues:) 217. 200. T
(\245) 220. 184. T
(Price/performance ) 234. 184. T
3 F
(\321) 325.63 184. T
0 F
( To answer end-user demand for) 339.63 184. T
( ) 226. 170. T
(workstation power, software vendors typically port to) 234. 170. T
( ) 226. 157. T
(UNIX from VMS or MS/DOS) 234. 157. T
(\245) 220. 138. T
(Heterogeneous computing environments ) 234. 138. T
3 F
(\321) 431.64 138. T
0 F
(Typical ) 445.64 138. T
(computing environments are composed  of a variety of) 234. 124. T
( ) 226. 111. T
(vendor platforms that must be utilized in the network ) 234. 111. T
(and not isolated) 234. 98. T
72. 257. 180. 328. R
7 X
V
4 F
0 X
(Key issues: graphics ) 72. 319. T
(performance, large ) 72. 305. T
(databases, floating ) 72. 291. T
(point, networking, ) 72. 277. T
(languages) 72. 263. T
FMENDPAGE
%%Page: "5" 5
FMBEGINPAGE
0 F
0 X
(Sun Microsystems Porting Guide) 380.33 36. T
(9-5) 72. 36. T
(\245) 220. 710. T
(Integration of software vendors ) 234. 710. T
3 F
(\321) 387.96 710. T
0 F
(A production environ-) 401.96 710. T
(ment, typically requires the integration of several ) 234. 696. T
(software packages to accomplish end-user objectives) 234. 683. T
(\245) 221. 664. T
(Peripheral-intensive) 234. 664. T
3 F
( \321) 330.65 664. T
0 F
(The application requires a ) 348.15 664. T
(variety of input devices, output devices, and large disk) 234. 650. T
(and tape capabilities) 234. 637. T
(One vendor found several ) 217. 616. T
3 F
(\322) 344.3 616. T
0 F
(bugs) 350.51 616. T
3 F
(\323) 373.18 616. T
0 F
(  in his code that he could ) 379.4 616. T
3 F
(\322) 217. 601. T
0 F
(get away with) 223.22 601. T
3 F
(\323 ) 290.54 601. T
0 F
( in VMS or Prime OS, but he found UNIX to ) 300.25 601. T
(be more strict.  For example,) 217. 587. T
(\245) 221. 569. T
(In passing an array to another routine, he had to declare) 234. 569. T
(that array in the second routine) 234. 556. T
(\245) 221. 538. T
(In passing double-precision numbers to real numbers,) 234. 538. T
(the VAX would resolve the differences, UNIX did not) 234. 525. T
(\245) 221. 507. T
(In using Sun\325s ) 234. 507. T
4 F
(dbxtool) 306.34 507. T
0 F
(, it would have been helpful to) 342.34 507. T
(have known earlier about the ability to turn off case-sen-) 234. 494. T
(sitivity in order to find FORTRAN variables, which are) 234. 481. T
(not case-sensitive) 234. 468. T
(FORTRAN code is often written in upper case; ) 217. 448. T
4 F
(dbxtool) 446.97 448. T
0 F
( only ) 482.97 448. T
(recognizes lower-case variables.) 217. 435. T
(This vendor said he made good use of Sun\325s online manual facil-) 217. 418. T
(ities and sample programs.) 217. 405. T
2 F
(9.6) 72. 380. T
(Finance) 216. 380. T
0 F
(In the financial market segment, customers drive the platform ) 217. 361. T
(choice, meaning software vendors must provide their products ) 217. 348. T
(on a wide variety of hardware platforms. Finance vendors want ) 217. 335. T
(portability between different vendors\325 machines; this portability ) 217. 322. T
(requires industry standards.  Finance vendors look to Sun for ) 217. 309. T
(options that offer the least risk of being tied to particular hard-) 217. 296. T
(ware and the most flexibility.) 217. 283. T
(The financial marketplace is heterogeneous, and end-users ) 217. 266. T
(need to access data from all types of systems \050IBM main-) 217. 253. T
(frames, System 36/38s, PCs, DEC systems, fault-tolerant sys-) 217. 240. T
(tems, and others\051. Sun\325s heterogeneous networking products, ) 217. 227. T
(both ONC and the SunLink family, are important.  Peer-to-peer ) 217. 214. T
(networking among all types and sizes of systems is critical as ) 217. 201. T
(the data could reside anywhere. In addition to heterogeneous ) 217. 188. T
(networking, financial vendors choose Sun workstations for their ) 217. 175. T
(superior display management of realtime data and cost-effec-) 217. 162. T
(tive compute power.) 217. 149. T
(A typical example of a financial application is tying in to a ticker ) 217. 132. T
(service over RS-232, then using X11/NeWS to display that ) 217. 119. T
(data graphically over a network to several heterogeneous ) 217. 106. T
(clients \050See Figure 9-1.\051) 217. 93. T
2 F
0.5 ( ) 303. 490. P
72. 285. 180. 349. R
7 X
V
4 F
0 X
(Key issues: network-) 72. 340. T
(ing, compute servers, ) 72. 326. T
(window system inte-) 72. 312. T
(gration) 72. 298. T
FMENDPAGE
%%Page: "6" 6
FMBEGINPAGE
0 F
0 X
(Sun Microsystems Porting Guide) 72. 36. T
(9-6) 524. 36. T
170. 409. 543. 654. C
170. 409. 543. 654. R
7 X
V
0 F
0 X
(Non-Sun) 306. 478. T
204. 484. 245. 581. R
1 H
N
206. 486. 242. 579. R
0 H
N
241. 500. 206. 500. 2 L
N
206. 510. 241. 510. 2 L
N
208. 501. 218. 508. R
4 X
V
0 X
N
220. 501. 230. 508. R
4 X
V
0 X
N
231. 501. 241. 508. R
4 X
V
0 X
N
241. 519. 206. 519. 2 L
N
231. 515. 235. 519. R
N
235. 515. 239. 519. R
V
N
226. 528. 240. 567. R
3 X
V
0 X
N
209. 572. 241. 576. R
V
N
210. 566. 214. 570. R
N
214. 566. 218. 570. R
V
N
(Sun) 307. 585. T
2.69 (X11/NeWS Server) 307. 571. P
1.5 (Sun or Non-Sun) 253. 520. P
1.67 (X11/NeWS Client) 253. 506. P
2.69 (X11/NeWS Server) 306. 464. P
246. 536. 519. 536. 2 L
N
447. 536. 447. 487. 2 L
N
420. 506. 439. 506. 439. 488. 449. 488. 449. 476. 444. 467. 402. 467.
 402. 480. 411. 486. 411. 502. 10 Y
7 X
V
411. 481. 434. 502. R
V
0 X
N
411. 502. 420. 506. 438. 506. 434. 502. 4 L
N
439. 506. 439. 488. 434. 481. 3 L
N
402. 467. 444. 480. R
7 X
V
0 X
N
404. 473. 409. 477. R
7 X
V
0 X
N
426. 469. 442. 477. R
V
N
402. 480. 411. 486. 2 L
N
439. 488. 449. 488. 2 L
N
413. 483. 432. 500. R
7 X
V
0 X
N
444. 480. 449. 487. 449. 476. 444. 467. 4 L
N
428. 470. 430. 471. R
7 X
V
428. 474. 440. 474. 2 L
N
404. 471. 404. 469. 2 L
0 X
N
405. 471. 405. 469. 2 L
N
406. 471. 406. 469. 2 L
N
407. 471. 407. 469. 2 L
N
408. 471. 408. 469. 2 L
N
409. 471. 409. 469. 2 L
N
410. 471. 410. 469. 2 L
N
411. 471. 411. 469. 2 L
N
412. 471. 412. 469. 2 L
N
436. 613. 436. 591. 435. 587. 3 L
N
411. 587. 435. 611. R
3 X
V
0 X
N
411. 611. 414. 613. 436. 613. 435. 611. 4 L
N
408. 582. 437. 587. R
N
408. 587. 411. 591. 2 L
N
439. 593. 439. 588. 2 L
N
437. 582. 439. 588. 2 L
N
437. 587. 439. 593. 2 L
N
439. 593. 436. 593. 2 L
N
407. 581. 432. 581. 429. 575. 404. 575. 4 Y
N
407. 576. 410. 580. 429. 580. 428. 576. 4 Y
N
434. 574. 438. 581. 450. 581. 446. 574. 4 Y
3 X
V
0 X
N
440. 576. 443. 580. R
7 X
V
0 X
N
413. 590. 433. 609. R
7 X
V
0 X
N
441. 580. 442. 581. 2 L
N
444. 590. 444. 590. 440. 591. 443. 586. 443. 586. 443.5 588. 442. 581. 442. 581. 442.5 583.5 441. 580. 5 K
N
420. 576. 420. 540. 2 L
N
(RS-232) 175. 640. T
2.35 (Ticker Feed) 175. 628. P
(Ethernet) 474. 521. T
246. 539. 519. 539. 2 L
N
5 F
0.73 (Figure 9-1.  Financial Application Example) 245. 425. P
171. 411. 534. 654. R
N
U
0 F
0 X
(and display graphical data at a trader\325s desk. Traders can send ) 217. 389. T
(buy/sell orders while processing analytical computations that ) 217. 376. T
(display output \050graphs, charts, etc.\051 on both the X11/NeWS ) 217. 363. T
(server and client.) 217. 350. T
(In this application, the availability of X11/NeWS on various ) 217. 333. T
(platforms means an application can be used from any node on ) 217. 320. T
(the network that uses X11/NeWS; it is not necessary to port ) 217. 307. T
(that application. X11/NeWS takes care of the hardware, device, ) 217. 294. T
(and resolution-specific characteristics of the platform, so the ) 217. 281. T
(application doesn\325t need to know the end-user\325s location or ) 217. 268. T
(what type of machine is used.) 217. 255. T
(Ticker data comes in over RS-232 to X11/NeWS client. ) 217. 711. T
(\050Remember that a X11/NeWS server controls a display.\051 This ) 217. 698. T
(data is now available to all X11/NeWS servers. X11/NeWS ) 217. 685. T
(servers communicate over Ethernet to a Sun or non-Sun client ) 217. 672. T
2 F
0.5 ( ) 279. 547. P
0 H
242. 611. -9. -26. W
243. 611. 244. 594. 2 L
N
245. 593. 262. 649. 2 L
N
FMENDPAGE
%%Page: "7" 7
FMBEGINPAGE
0 F
0 X
(Sun Microsystems Porting Guide) 380.33 36. T
(9-7) 72. 36. T
72. 72. 540. 720. C
72. 165. 540. 720. C
72. 165. 541. 720. R
7 X
V
75. 71. 543. 719. R
V
80. 529. 125. 626. R
1 H
0 X
N
82. 531. 122. 624. R
0 H
N
121. 545. 82. 545. 2 L
N
82. 555. 121. 555. 2 L
N
84. 546. 95. 553. R
4 X
V
0 X
N
98. 546. 109. 553. R
4 X
V
0 X
N
110. 546. 121. 553. R
4 X
V
0 X
N
121. 564. 82. 564. 2 L
N
110. 560. 114. 564. R
N
114. 560. 118. 564. R
V
N
104. 573. 120. 612. R
3 X
V
0 X
N
85. 617. 121. 621. R
V
N
87. 611. 91. 615. R
N
91. 611. 95. 615. R
V
N
0 F
(RS-232) 77. 709. T
2.35 (Ticker Feed) 76. 696. P
113. 654. -9. -26. W
114. 654. 115. 637. 2 L
N
116. 636. 133. 692. 2 L
N
125. 580. 537. 580. 2 L
1 H
N
(Realtime) 79. 503. T
(Database) 79. 491. T
225. 607. 315. 670. R
7 X
V
0 H
0 X
N
225. 625. 315. 625. 2 L
N
279. 607. 306. 616. R
3 X
V
0 X
N
234. 607. 261. 616. R
3 X
V
0 X
N
270. 607. 270. 580. 2 L
N
3. ( Expert Systems) 227. 655. P
1.68 ( Hedger) 227. 642. P
0.17 (Sun or ) 225. 686. P
(Server) 275. 674. T
340. 592. 403. 695. R
7 X
V
0 X
N
376. 599. 394. 635. R
3 X
V
0 X
N
349. 644. 394. 644. 2 L
3 H
N
349. 625. 358. 634. R
3 X
V
0 H
0 X
N
349. 607. 358. 616. R
3 X
V
0 X
N
(   ) 359. 688. T
(Database) 346. 679. T
(Server) 346. 667. T
367. 591. 367. 580. 2 L
N
7 X
90. 450. 9. 4.5 434. 692.5 G
0 X
90. 90.1 -9. 4.5 443. 697. A
90. 180.1 9. 4.5 425. 697. A
180. 270.1 9. -4.5 425. 688. A
270. 0.1 -9. -4.5 443. 688. A
0. 90. -9. 4.5 443. 697. A
7 X
90. 450. 9. 4.5 434. 656.5 G
0 X
90. 90.1 -9. 4.5 443. 661. A
90. 180.1 9. 4.5 425. 661. A
180. 270.1 9. -4.5 425. 652. A
270. 0.1 -9. -4.5 443. 652. A
0. 90. -9. 4.5 443. 661. A
443. 693. 443. 658. 2 L
N
425. 693. 425. 660. 2 L
N
(Ethernet) 259. 567. T
192. 545. 192. 523. 191. 519. 3 L
N
167. 519. 191. 543. R
3 X
V
0 X
N
167. 543. 170. 545. 192. 545. 191. 543. 4 L
N
164. 514. 193. 519. R
N
164. 519. 167. 523. 2 L
N
195. 525. 195. 520. 2 L
N
193. 514. 195. 520. 2 L
N
193. 519. 195. 525. 2 L
N
195. 525. 192. 525. 2 L
N
163. 513. 188. 513. 185. 507. 160. 507. 4 Y
N
163. 508. 166. 512. 185. 512. 184. 508. 4 Y
N
190. 506. 194. 513. 206. 513. 202. 506. 4 Y
3 X
V
0 X
N
196. 508. 199. 512. R
7 X
V
0 X
N
169. 522. 189. 540. R
7 X
V
0 X
N
197. 512. 198. 513. 2 L
N
200. 522. 200. 522. 196. 523. 199. 518. 199. 518. 199.5 520. 198. 513. 198. 513. 198.5 515.5 197. 512. 5 K
N
181. 580. 181. 545. 2 L
N
260. 545. 260. 523. 259. 519. 3 L
N
235. 519. 259. 543. R
3 X
V
0 X
N
235. 543. 238. 545. 260. 545. 259. 543. 4 L
N
232. 514. 261. 519. R
N
232. 519. 235. 523. 2 L
N
263. 525. 263. 520. 2 L
N
261. 514. 263. 520. 2 L
N
261. 519. 263. 525. 2 L
N
263. 525. 260. 525. 2 L
N
231. 513. 256. 513. 253. 507. 228. 507. 4 Y
N
231. 508. 234. 512. 253. 512. 252. 508. 4 Y
N
258. 506. 262. 513. 274. 513. 270. 506. 4 Y
3 X
V
0 X
N
264. 508. 267. 512. R
7 X
V
0 X
N
237. 522. 257. 540. R
7 X
V
0 X
N
265. 512. 266. 513. 2 L
N
268. 522. 268. 522. 264. 523. 267. 518. 267. 518. 267.5 520. 266. 513. 266. 513. 266.5 515.5 265. 512. 5 K
N
249. 580. 249. 545. 2 L
N
324. 545. 324. 523. 323. 519. 3 L
N
299. 519. 323. 543. R
3 X
V
0 X
N
299. 543. 302. 545. 324. 545. 323. 543. 4 L
N
296. 514. 325. 519. R
N
296. 519. 299. 523. 2 L
N
327. 525. 327. 520. 2 L
N
325. 514. 327. 520. 2 L
N
325. 519. 327. 525. 2 L
N
327. 525. 324. 525. 2 L
N
295. 513. 320. 513. 317. 507. 292. 507. 4 Y
N
295. 508. 298. 512. 317. 512. 316. 508. 4 Y
N
322. 506. 326. 513. 338. 513. 334. 506. 4 Y
3 X
V
0 X
N
328. 508. 331. 512. R
7 X
V
0 X
N
301. 522. 321. 540. R
7 X
V
0 X
N
329. 512. 330. 513. 2 L
N
332. 522. 332. 522. 328. 523. 331. 518. 331. 518. 331.5 520. 330. 513. 330. 513. 330.5 515.5 329. 512. 5 K
N
313. 580. 313. 545. 2 L
N
452. 545. 452. 523. 451. 519. 3 L
N
427. 519. 451. 543. R
3 X
V
0 X
N
427. 543. 430. 545. 452. 545. 451. 543. 4 L
N
424. 514. 453. 519. R
N
424. 519. 427. 523. 2 L
N
455. 525. 455. 520. 2 L
N
453. 514. 455. 520. 2 L
N
453. 519. 455. 525. 2 L
N
455. 525. 452. 525. 2 L
N
423. 513. 448. 513. 445. 507. 420. 507. 4 Y
N
423. 508. 426. 512. 445. 512. 444. 508. 4 Y
N
450. 506. 454. 513. 466. 513. 462. 506. 4 Y
3 X
V
0 X
N
456. 508. 459. 512. R
7 X
V
0 X
N
429. 522. 449. 540. R
7 X
V
0 X
N
457. 512. 458. 513. 2 L
N
460. 522. 460. 522. 456. 523. 459. 518. 459. 518. 459.5 520. 458. 513. 458. 513. 458.5 515.5 457. 512. 5 K
N
441. 580. 441. 545. 2 L
N
(Sun-3) 212. 554. T
1.02 (Trader 1) 151. 489. P
98. 244. 244. 356. R
7 X
V
1 H
0 X
N
99. 287. 243. 287. 2 L
0 H
N
150. 355. 150. 288. 2 L
N
143. 286. 143. 245. 2 L
N
160. 300. 227. 344. R
12 X
V
0 X
N
0.26 ( position    ) 98. 274. P
0.25 ( keeping   ) 98. 260. P
272. 321. -44. 0. W
(buy/sell) 102. 318. T
1.14 (Enlarged view of a Sun workstation) 96. 228. P
7 X
90. 450. 9. 4.5 432. 638.5 G
0 X
90. 90.1 -9. 4.5 441. 643. A
90. 180.1 9. 4.5 423. 643. A
180. 270.1 9. -4.5 423. 634. A
270. 0.1 -9. -4.5 441. 634. A
0. 90. -9. 4.5 441. 643. A
7 X
90. 450. 9. 4.5 432. 602.5 G
0 X
90. 90.1 -9. 4.5 441. 607. A
90. 180.1 9. 4.5 423. 607. A
180. 270.1 9. -4.5 423. 598. A
270. 0.1 -9. -4.5 441. 598. A
0. 90. -9. 4.5 441. 607. A
441. 639. 441. 604. 2 L
N
423. 639. 423. 606. 2 L
N
456. 595. 538. 714. R
7 X
V
0 X
N
461. 613. 479. 645. R
3 X
V
0 X
N
485. 613. 503. 645. R
3 X
V
0 X
N
511. 635. 520. 644. R
3 X
V
0 X
N
525. 635. 534. 644. R
3 X
V
0 X
N
525. 620. 534. 629. R
3 X
V
0 X
N
511. 620. 520. 629. R
3 X
V
0 X
N
466. 706. 536. 706. 2 L
3 H
N
463. 696. 467. 700. R
V
0 H
N
478. 696. 482. 700. R
V
N
492. 696. 496. 700. R
V
N
507. 696. 511. 700. R
V
N
522. 696. 526. 700. R
V
N
461. 650. 534. 664. R
3 X
V
0 X
N
463. 690. 467. 694. R
V
N
478. 690. 482. 694. R
V
N
492. 690. 496. 694. R
V
N
507. 690. 511. 694. R
V
N
522. 690. 526. 694. R
V
N
496. 595. 496. 582. 2 L
N
(Mainframe) 474. 600. T
147. 597. 210. 696. R
7 X
V
0 X
N
183. 607. 201. 643. R
3 X
V
0 X
N
156. 652. 201. 652. 2 L
N
156. 634. 165. 643. R
3 X
V
0 X
N
156. 616. 165. 630. R
3 X
V
0 X
N
156. 603. 165. 612. R
3 X
V
0 X
N
(Compute) 155. 680. T
(Server) 155. 668. T
0.11 (  Sun or) 147. 710. P
1.33 (  Non-Sun) 147. 698. P
403. 678. 425. 678. 2 L
N
0.11 (  Sun or) 339. 710. P
1.33 (  Non-Sun) 339. 698. P
176. 597. 176. 581. 2 L
N
513. 545. 513. 523. 512. 519. 3 L
N
488. 519. 512. 543. R
3 X
V
0 X
N
488. 543. 491. 545. 513. 545. 512. 543. 4 L
N
485. 514. 514. 519. R
N
485. 519. 488. 523. 2 L
N
516. 525. 516. 520. 2 L
N
514. 514. 516. 520. 2 L
N
514. 519. 516. 525. 2 L
N
516. 525. 513. 525. 2 L
N
484. 513. 509. 513. 506. 507. 481. 507. 4 Y
N
484. 508. 487. 512. 506. 512. 505. 508. 4 Y
N
511. 506. 515. 513. 527. 513. 523. 506. 4 Y
3 X
V
0 X
N
517. 508. 520. 512. R
7 X
V
0 X
N
490. 522. 510. 540. R
7 X
V
0 X
N
518. 512. 519. 513. 2 L
N
521. 522. 521. 522. 517. 523. 520. 518. 520. 518. 520.5 520. 519. 513. 519. 513. 519.5 515.5 518. 512. 5 K
N
501. 581. 501. 546. 2 L
N
2.7 (Head Trader) 476. 490. P
2.34 (Pos. Keep.) 346. 654. P
7.35 (Realtime spreadsheet;) 278. 317. P
369. 545. 388. 545. 388. 527. 398. 527. 398. 515. 393. 506. 351. 506.
 351. 519. 360. 525. 360. 541. 10 Y
7 X
V
360. 520. 383. 541. R
V
0 X
N
360. 541. 369. 545. 387. 545. 383. 541. 4 L
N
388. 545. 388. 527. 383. 520. 3 L
N
351. 506. 393. 519. R
7 X
V
0 X
N
353. 512. 358. 516. R
7 X
V
0 X
N
375. 508. 391. 516. R
V
N
351. 519. 360. 525. 2 L
N
388. 527. 398. 527. 2 L
N
362. 522. 381. 539. R
7 X
V
0 X
N
393. 519. 398. 526. 398. 515. 393. 506. 4 L
N
377. 509. 379. 510. R
7 X
V
377. 513. 389. 513. 2 L
N
353. 510. 353. 508. 2 L
0 X
N
354. 510. 354. 508. 2 L
N
355. 510. 355. 508. 2 L
N
356. 510. 356. 508. 2 L
N
357. 510. 357. 508. 2 L
N
358. 510. 358. 508. 2 L
N
359. 510. 359. 508. 2 L
N
360. 510. 360. 508. 2 L
N
361. 510. 361. 508. 2 L
N
374. 580. 374. 546. 2 L
N
(PC) 353. 554. T
(Sun) 135. 553. T
(386) 153. 553. T
4 F
(i) 171. 553. T
0 F
(Sun-3) 274. 554. T
(Sun-4) 402. 554. T
(Sun-3) 463. 554. T
1.02 (can query) 476. 477. P
4.68 (database ) 476. 464. P
3.35 (access ) 490. 451. P
(real-time) 477. 425. T
3.66 (risk positions) 477. 412. P
98. 357. 234. 542. 2 L
N
(Reuters) 78. 671. T
(Telerate) 77. 659. T
2.51 (trade entry drives) 154. 417. P
2.33 (position keeping,) 154. 405. P
1.02 (accounting, and) 154. 393. P
(clearing) 154. 381. T
162. 376. -47. -46. W
(accounting/) 466. 678. T
(clearing) 467. 668. T
441. 621. 455. 621. 2 L
N
5 F
0.94 (Figure 9-2.  Typical Trading Floor Solution) 214. 178. P
0 F
( ) 98. 250. T
(analytics) 173. 252. T
244. 356. 260. 513. 2 L
N
1.02 (Trader 2) 210. 489. P
1.02 (Trader n) 417. 489. P
3.84 (top spreadsheet is) 278. 305. P
1.34 (summary of analytics) 278. 293. P
2. (window system ) 97. 202. P
(graphics) 173. 275. T
2. (to display) 173. 263. P
(Non-Sun) 225. 674. T
(aggregate) 476. 438. T
(to) 477. 451. T
2.65 (MVS/ NFS) 468. 583. P
5.67 (demonstrating multiprocessing) 95. 215. P
72. 72. 540. 720. C
U
0 F
0 X
(Figure 9-2 shows an example of a typical trading floor.  An ) 217. 138. T
(enlarged Sun display shows multiple applications running con-) 217. 125. T
(currently in multiple windows. This represents a significant ) 217. 112. T
(advantage over PCs that can run only one application at a time.  ) 217. 99. T
(Additionally you can also run analysis on the data received, ) 217. 86. T
2 F
0.5 ( ) 276. 623. P
FMENDPAGE
%%Page: "8" 8
FMBEGINPAGE
0 F
0 X
(Sun Microsystems Porting Guide) 72. 36. T
(9-8) 524. 36. T
(either on the local workstation or on the remote compute ) 217. 711. T
(servers.  With the recent announcements of NFS support for ) 217. 698. T
(MVS and VM systems,  traders workgroups can now be easily ) 217. 685. T
(integrated into existing back office systems.  For example, a ) 217. 672. T
(trade entered in the buy-sell window  updates the accounting ) 217. 659. T
(and clearing systems on the mainframe as well as a shared ) 217. 646. T
(database. This allows the head trader to look at aggregate risk ) 217. 633. T
(positions, and makes this information available to expert sys-) 217. 620. T
(tems that can recommend appropriate hedges.) 217. 607. T
2 F
(9.7) 72. 582. T
(Add-On Hardware/Input and Output Peripherals) 216. 582. T
0 F
(For input/output peripherals, vendors are required to provide ) 217. 563. T
(both hardware and software interface.  Examples of digital input ) 217. 550. T
(peripherals are digitizers, flat-bed scanners, and slide scan-) 217. 537. T
(ners. Cameras with frame grabbers convert analog input to digi-) 217. 524. T
(tal. A typical digital interface for input peripherals could be RS-) 217. 511. T
(232C, Centronics Parallel, GPIB,  SCSI, or Custom VME. Out-) 217. 498. T
(put peripherals consist of printers/plotters, film recorders; dis-) 217. 485. T
(play devices; display emulators; projection devices; and ) 217. 472. T
(VCR/TV with a digital, analog, video, video converter, or soft-) 217. 459. T
(ware interface. For output devices,  the digital interface could be ) 217. 446. T
(RS-232C, Centronics Parallel, GPIB, SCSI, Custom VME ) 217. 433. T
(Board, DR11-W, or Versatec. ) 217. 420. T
5 F
(Note:) 217. 403. T
0 F
( Developing an SCSI driver is not currently recommended. ) 244.98 403. T
(However, Sun Consulting is a good source for such a develop-) 217. 390. T
(ment. As an example, a printer with an RS-232C connection can ) 217. 377. T
(be ported to all Sun platforms with minimal development effort, ) 217. 364. T
(when the UNIX driver is offered by the vendor. ) 217. 351. T
2 F
(9.8) 72. 326. T
(Graphics and Imaging) 216. 326. T
0 F
(The Graphics and Imaging marketplace is comprised of 1\051 ) 217. 307. T
(Graphics, which includes charting and graphing, graphics sub-) 217. 294. T
(systems, standards, libraries, and tools, 2\051 art, animation, and ) 217. 281. T
(video, and 3\051 imaging. In the area of graphics, charting and ) 217. 268. T
(graphing and standards, libraries, and tools are software prod-) 217. 255. T
(ucts and developers find it generally simple to port to Sun plat-) 217. 242. T
(form. Graphics subsystems consist of both hardware and soft-) 217. 229. T
(ware that need to be ported to Sun platform and the vendors ) 217. 216. T
(need to provide and develop the interface to Sun. They need to ) 217. 203. T
(determine their need for any additional card slots or VME ) 217. 190. T
(based Sun Workstations. As an example, some of these Graph-) 217. 177. T
(ics subsystem vendors have provided 24-bit frame buffers for ) 217. 164. T
(Sun and they have been very successful in porting to Sun plat-) 217. 151. T
(form. In some cases they have developed their product  compati-) 217. 138. T
(ble with Sun VMEbus, with the use of Sun\325s pixrect library.) 217. 125. T
72. 478. 180. 551. R
7 X
V
4 F
0 X
(Key issues: device ) 72. 542. T
(drivers, hardware ) 72. 528. T
(interfaces) 72. 514. T
71. 213. 179. 286. R
7 X
V
0 X
(Key issues: device ) 71. 277. T
(drivers, hardware ) 71. 263. T
(interfaces) 71. 249. T
FMENDPAGE
%%Page: "9" 9
FMBEGINPAGE
0 F
0 X
(Sun Microsystems Porting Guide) 380.33 36. T
(9-9) 72. 36. T
2 F
(9.9) 74. 709. T
(Office Automation ) 218. 709. T
0 F
(Office automation application categories include word proces-) 219. 690. T
(sors, spreadsheets, databases, personal information managers, ) 219. 677. T
(outliners, business graphics, decision support systems, ) 219. 664. T
(accounting software, manufacturing tools,  document search and ) 219. 651. T
(retrieval aids.  This is a very broad category where vendors can ) 219. 638. T
(be porting to Sun from a wide range of bases) 219. 624. T
3 F
( \321) 434.63 624. T
0 F
( from PCs to ) 452.13 624. T
(mainframes.) 219. 610. T
(Sun\325s NeWS windowing system fits well with many office ) 219. 593. T
(automation applications.  Since the PostScript Language model ) 219. 580. T
(is the standard interface to printers as well as to NeWS, it is ) 219. 567. T
(easier to write WYSIWYG applications using NeWS than with ) 219. 554. T
(other windowing systems.) 219. 541. T
(Many vendors coming from the DOS world find that their pro-) 219. 524. T
(grams run in a DOS window on the Sun386) 219. 511. T
4 F
(i) 428.99 511. T
0 F
( without modifica-) 432.32 511. T
(tion.  However, taking full advantage of Sun\325s multitasking ) 219. 498. T
(UNIX operating system and window system environment often ) 219. 485. T
(requires restructuring the application.) 219. 472. T
(One vendor porting a Macintosh program split off the user inter-) 219. 455. T
(face section of the application from the computational part.  By ) 219. 442. T
(doing that, much of the code remained the same between the) 219. 429. T
(Macintosh and the Sun versions of the program, and it was ) 219. 416. T
(easier to maintain both versions of the program.) 219. 403. T
(Another vendor ported a 150,000 line program written in ) 219. 386. T
(FORTRAN 66 to a Sun-3 and to a Sun386) 219. 373. T
4 F
(i) 423. 373. T
0 F
(.  He noted the ) 426.34 373. T
(following:) 219. 360. T
(\245 ) 223. 345. T
(In calling a C routine from FORTRAN, C represents the ) 236. 345. T
(subroutine as ) 236. 331. T
3 F
(\322) 302.66 331. T
0 F
(a_) 308.88 331. T
3 F
(\323) 320.2 331. T
0 F
(  rather than ) 326.42 331. T
3 F
(\322) 387.07 331. T
0 F
(a.) 393.28 331. T
3 F
(\323) 401.61 331. T
0 F
(  Sun and HP are ) 407.83 331. T
(similar in this respect, while DEC \050Ultrix\051 and Apollo ) 236. 317. T
(represent the routine as ) 236. 303. T
3 F
(\322) 350.64 303. T
0 F
(a.) 356.85 303. T
3 F
(\323) 365.18 303. T
0 F
(  This is because FOR-) 371.4 303. T
(TRAN and C generate the same object code, therefore it ) 236. 289. T
(is necessary to distinguish the FORTRAN  ) 236. 275. T
3 F
(\322) 444.33 275. T
0 F
(a) 450.55 275. T
3 F
(\323) 455.88 275. T
0 F
(  from ) 462.09 275. T
(the C ) 236. 260. T
3 F
(\322) 264.67 260. T
0 F
(a) 270.88 260. T
3 F
(\323) 276.21 260. T
0 F
(.) 282.43 260. T
(\245 ) 223. 241. T
(Byte ordering differences for the Sun386) 236. 241. T
4 F
(i ) 432.96 241. T
0 F
(were reconciled ) 439.29 241. T
(and the program was ported in about three days.  This ) 236. 228. T
(was a relatively simple FORTRAN 66 application with-) 236. 215. T
(out character declaration statements or FORTRAN  I/O.) 236. 202. T
(Another vendor did his port to Sun from System V code.  In this ) 219. 182. T
(case, it was necessary to change the directory access code that ) 219. 169. T
(was hardcoded into his application.  That was easily done with ) 219. 156. T
(a ) 219. 142. T
3 F
(\322) 227.33 142. T
4 F
(scandir) 233.54 142. T
3 F
(\323) 269.54 142. T
0 F
( command. He was then able to compile with the ) 275.76 142. T
(System V library.  Once TTY setting calls were changed, he ) 219. 128. T
(compiled with the Berkeley 4.2 libraries in Sun OS 3.2.  This ) 219. 115. T
(vendor noted he had also ported to Pyramid, which was more ) 219. 102. T
(difficult without the System V library routines.) 219. 89. T
72. 604. 180. 676. R
7 X
V
4 F
0 X
(Key issues: window ) 72. 667. T
(system integration, ) 72. 653. T
(networking, operat-) 72. 639. T
(ing system ) 72. 625. T
FMENDPAGE
%%Page: "10" 10
FMBEGINPAGE
0 F
0 X
(Sun Microsystems Porting Guide) 72. 36. T
(9-10) 518. 36. T
2 F
(9.10) 72. 709. T
(CASE) 216. 709. T
0 F
(The CASE marketplace is comprised of three segments, com-) 217. 690. T
(mercial \050DP/MIS\051, defense/aerospace/industrial, and  scientif-) 217. 677. T
(ic/engineering.  Porting issues frequently cross market seg-) 217. 664. T
(ments although they differ widely by the type of CASE applica-) 217. 651. T
(tion.  Software development efforts frequently  require software ) 217. 638. T
(that  runs on multiple hardware architectures  networked ) 217. 625. T
(together.  In order to make the job of porting to  multiple sys-) 217. 612. T
(tems easier, many of Sun\325s Catalyst vendors are driving  the ) 217. 599. T
(development of standards. ) 217. 586. T
(It is difficult to generalize among CASE products.  In order to ) 217. 569. T
(demonstrate the range of issues that may need to be ) 217. 556. T
(addressed, the porting examples in this section fall into three ) 217. 543. T
(categories:  compilers, analysis and design \050front-end tools\051, ) 217. 530. T
(and realtime OS/in-circuit emulators.) 217. 517. T
(Compiler vendors are primarily concerned with the machine ) 217. 500. T
(instruction sets associated with the SPARC RISC, 680X0  ) 217. 487. T
(family and 80X86 architectures; the coprocessors that work ) 217. 474. T
(with them, whether they be 68881, floating-point Weitek or ) 217. 461. T
(other chips; the output object format; and byte ordering/ data ) 217. 448. T
(alignment issues.  Porting from one hardware vendor to another ) 217. 435. T
(when both use the same chips may take as little as  two days ) 217. 422. T
(of work.  Porting a compiler from one CPU architecture to anoth-) 217. 409. T
(er may take six months or longer.  A port using Sun\325s assem-) 217. 396. T
(blers/linkers and optimizers,  especially the peephole optimizer, ) 217. 383. T
(saves a considerable amount of porting time.) 217. 370. T
(CASE developers of Analysis and Design \050front-end\051 tools, on ) 217. 353. T
(the other hand, have completed ports to a new CPU architecture ) 217. 340. T
(in a day or two.  However, if a new window system, user inter-) 217. 327. T
(face, compiler \050substitute a Sun compiler for a non-compatible ) 217. 314. T
(non-Sun compiler\051, and  database are included with the port to ) 217. 301. T
(the Sun, it will  take considerably longer.  Porting between Sun ) 217. 288. T
(architectures is generally simple for front-end vendors when ) 217. 275. T
(these other elements are not issues.) 217. 262. T
(Realtime OS developers and developers of in-circuit emulators ) 217. 245. T
(have brought up totally different concerns.  They are primarily ) 217. 232. T
(interested in understanding the impacts on system software of ) 217. 219. T
(adding more hardware devices to the Sun.  Refer to Section 7.4 ) 217. 206. T
(for characteristics of Sun bus architectures, how boards are able ) 217. 193. T
(to communicate with each other and Sun\325s policies regarding ) 217. 180. T
(porting devices to the SCSI.  Sun device driver issues are  dis-) 217. 167. T
(cussed in Section 7.5.  Hardware changes and operating system ) 217. 154. T
(upgrades may have major impacts on development schedules.) 217. 141. T
(Other issues that may concern at least one CASE vendor ) 217. 124. T
(include:) 217. 111. T
(\245) 221. 93. T
(Hardware \050CPU, coprocessors, other boards, bus, ) 234. 93. T
(memory, disk space\051) 234. 80. T
72. 597. 180. 678. R
7 X
V
4 F
0 X
(Key issues: window ) 72. 669. T
(system integration, ) 72. 655. T
(databases, operating ) 72. 641. T
(system) 72. 627. T
FMENDPAGE
%%Page: "11" 11
FMBEGINPAGE
0 F
0 X
(Sun Microsystems Porting Guide) 380.33 36. T
(9-11) 72. 36. T
(\245) 221. 711. T
(Operating systems \050process creation, interprocess ) 234. 711. T
(communication, priorities, permissions, directories,) 234. 698. T
(open/close system calls, environmental variables used,) 234. 685. T
(shared libraries and shared data\051 ) 234. 672. T
(\245) 221. 654. T
(Languages \050i.e., tools written in C are more portable than) 234. 654. T
(those written in Pascal whose implementation varies) 234. 641. T
(widely from vendor to vendor\051) 234. 628. T
(\245) 221. 610. T
(Databases) 234. 610. T
(\245) 221. 592. T
(Windowing systems \050CASE applications on Sun ) 234. 592. T
(workstations typically run on SunWindows using ) 234. 579. T
(SunView, although some run on X and NeWS.) 234. 566. T
2 F
(9.11) 72. 538. T
(Artificial Intelligence) 216. 538. T
0 F
(There are more than 75 Artificial Intelligence \050AI\051 vendors in ) 217. 519. T
(Sun\325s Catalyst program.  A few of them specialize in hardware, ) 217. 506. T
(but the majority provides software.) 217. 493. T
(Hardware AI vendors mainly provide special add-on boards for ) 217. 476. T
(specific functions such as a Prolog processor. ) 217. 463. T
(Software vendors provide languages for AI application develop-) 217. 446. T
(ment, environments for AI application development, specialized ) 217. 433. T
(image processing, diagnostic applications, and realtime reason-) 217. 420. T
(ing.  Most of them are written in Lisp, C, and Prolog; they have ) 217. 407. T
(complex data structures, graphics-oriented user interface, and ) 217. 394. T
(capabilities of handling a large amount of data. ) 217. 381. T
(Of all the porting concerns AI vendors have, the windowing ) 217. 364. T
(interface is the most important.  Some packages make use of ) 217. 351. T
(Sun Core; some provide an interface to SunView.  X11 window- ) 217. 338. T
(based software is also common.  X11 has been endorsed by ) 217. 325. T
(many major computer vendors. X11 is highly portable across ) 217. 312. T
(computer platforms, is network-based, and has a device-inde-) 217. 299. T
(pendent graphic programming interface.  However, since X11 is ) 217. 286. T
(public domain software, Sun does not support it.  X11 window ) 217. 273. T
(source for all Sun platforms \050including Sun 386) 217. 260. T
4 F
(i\051) 445.98 260. T
0 F
( can be obtained ) 453.32 260. T
(from MIT.  For details of future window systems on Suns, ) 217. 247. T
(please read the specifications of OPEN LOOK and the ) 217. 234. T
(X11/NeWS merge.) 217. 221. T
(For porting software from SunOS 3.X to 4.0, the following 4.0 ) 217. 204. T
(changes may affect the design of a software and the port: the ) 217. 191. T
(introduction of shared libraries \050shared code in memory, which ) 217. 178. T
(causes less paging\051, the redesign of virtual memory \050e.g., use of ) 217. 165. T
3 F
(\322) 217. 151. T
4 F
(mmap) 223.22 151. T
3 F
(\323) 252.54 151. T
0 F
( to map files to user  address space\051, greater compati-) 258.76 151. T
(bility with the System V Interface Definition \050SVID\051,  and sup-) 217. 137. T
(port of NETdisk.  Other significant differences are: the introduc-) 217. 124. T
(tion of the automounter and the loopback filesystem, and ) 217. 111. T
(changes in utilities and the  layout of the filesystem.) 217. 98. T
(Software written in C and making use of the standard library ) 217. 81. T
73. 436. 181. 485. R
7 X
V
4 F
0 X
(Key issues: window ) 73. 476. T
(system integration, ) 73. 462. T
(Lisp) 73. 448. T
FMENDPAGE
%%Page: "12" 12
FMBEGINPAGE
0 F
0 X
(Sun Microsystems Porting Guide) 72. 36. T
(9-12) 518. 36. T
(tends to be sensitive to differences in versions of SunOS and ) 217. 711. T
(differences in hardware architectures.  Changes in machine ) 217. 698. T
(instruction set, processor, and memory management may ) 217. 685. T
(have drastic effects. ) 217. 672. T
(Two porting problems are mentioned below for reference.) 217. 655. T
(One vendor\325s software is a language for AI application develop-) 217. 638. T
(ment. The port involved changing the executable files dynami-) 217. 625. T
(cally \050copying header information from the running executable, ) 217. 612. T
(modifying the headers to account for the new data size, and ) 217. 599. T
(then saving a running program in a form that can be executed ) 217. 586. T
(again\051. On SunOS 4.0, the default use of shared libraries is ) 217. 573. T
(incompatible with environment saves; therefore, the vendor had ) 217. 560. T
(to specify the -Bstatic  \050static in place of dynamic linking\051 in the ) 217. 547. T
(compilation of the software.) 217. 534. T
(Another vendor discovered that SunOS 3.2 was more forgiving ) 217. 517. T
(about wrong information in the header of an a.out file than ) 217. 504. T
(SunOS 4.0.   In this case the given data segment size was too ) 217. 491. T
(small.  Under SunOS 3.2 the file was read and the program exe-) 217. 478. T
(cuted anyway; under SunOS 4.0 the program ran successfully on ) 217. 465. T
(a local disk, but generated a ) 217. 451. T
3 F
(\322) 353.97 451. T
0 F
(segmentation violation) 360.18 451. T
3 F
(\323) 469.85 451. T
0 F
( error ) 476.07 451. T
(message when read remotely. ) 217. 437. T
(Some packages require high-computing power and a large swap ) 217. 420. T
(space to run.   Minor adjustments like increasing swap space, ) 217. 407. T
(or making a custom kernel \050increasing MAXUSER\051 can improve ) 217. 394. T
(the environment under which the application runs.  A vendor can ) 217. 381. T
(take these steps to fine tune the port. ) 217. 368. T
(To run Sun Common Lisp 3.0, you need at least 8 Mbytes of ) 217. 351. T
(physical memory and 35 Mbytes of swap space.  However, we ) 217. 338. T
(recommend 12 Mbytes of physical memory and 60 Mbytes of ) 217. 325. T
(swap space.  The nature of your Lisp application may also ) 217. 312. T
(cause you to need additional memory or swap space.  Most ) 217. 299. T
(Lisp applications tend to be big \0505 - 12 Mbytes\051; therefore, a ) 217. 286. T
(141Mbytes disk is the minimum requirement to fit a kernel, ) 217. 273. T
(swap space, and /usr space.) 217. 260. T
5 F
(Note:) 217. 243. T
0 F
(  Most AI vendors use the Emacs editor besides vi.  ) 244.98 243. T
(GNU Emacs is running under  SunOS 4.0. ) 217. 230. T
FMENDPAGE
%%Page: "13" 13
FMBEGINPAGE
0 F
0 X
(Sun Microsystems Porting Guide) 380.33 36. T
(9-13) 72. 36. T
FMENDPAGE
%%Trailer
%%Pages: 13 1
%%DocumentFonts: Times-Roman
%%+ Times-Bold
%%+ Times-Italic